Preparation of patterned graphene-ZnO hybrid nanoflower and nanorods on ITO surface

Abstrak

<p> <named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">Hybrid</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2 kwd1.3 kwd1.9" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">nanostructure</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;with controlled morphology have been proved to enhance the physical and chemical properties of the material and used as photodiode and sensor. In this paper,&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">hybrid</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;graphene-ZnO nanoflower and&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.7" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">nanorods</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;have been successfully synthesized via a seed mediated method with micropatterned&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;nanoseed treated with&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.6" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">multilayer</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.4" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">graphene</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;(MLG) in a hydrothermal process. In typical process, the&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;nanoseeds with and without resists were spin coated with a&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.6" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">multilayer</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.4" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">graphene</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;prior to the growth process. The treated seed was then used to grow the&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2 kwd1.3 kwd1.9" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">nanostructures</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;in the growth solution that contained equimolar (0.04 M) of zinc nitrate hexahydrate and hexamethylenetetramine. The growth process was carried out inside an autoclave at temperature 70 &deg;C. The growth time was 4 h. It was proved that the MLG treatment on micropatterning substrate may induce new morphology formation of&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2 kwd1.3 kwd1.9" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">nanostructure.</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;It is expected that the heteroepitaxy reaction occurred between the MLG and&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;interface. This presence method can be used as an alternative approach to control the morphology of&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">hybrid</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;</span><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.1" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">ZnO</named-content><named-content content-type="sem:AIPTh1.2" rid="kwd1.2 kwd1.3 kwd1.9" style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;" xmlns:ali="http://www.niso.org/schemas/ali/1.0/" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:oasis="http://www.niso.org/standards/z39-96/ns/oasis-exchange/table" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance">nanostructure</named-content><span style="color: rgb(0, 0, 0); font-family: Lora, serif; font-size: 20px;">&nbsp;growth.</span></p>

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