RITA

Perilaku Sintaktis Konstituen Negatif Paduan (KNP) “TANPA” dalam Bahasa Indonesia

Negasi merupakan masalah universal yang terdapat dalam bahasa di dunia. Pengungkapannya secara gramatika berbeda karena konstituen atau pemarkah negatifnya juga berbeda, di samping sistem bahasa juga berbeda. Namun pada hakikatnya, fungsinya sama. Penelitian negasi dalam bahasa Indonesia masih sangat terbatas jumlahnya. Pada umumnya kajian masalah negasi dalam buku-buku tatabahasa Indonesia baru mengupas kulitnya, yaitu baru menyangkut inventarisasi konstituen negatif, status kekategorialan konstituen pengungkap negasi dan beberapa contoh pemakaian konstituen negatif dalam bahasa Indonesia. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa perilaku sintaktis konstituen negatif paduan “TANPA” berbeda dari konstituen negatif lainnya. Penggunaannya cukup produktif ditemukan dalam kalimat-kalimat bahasa Indonesia. Hal inilah yang menjadikan kajian ini menarik. Dalam kajian literatur terhadap beberapa buku tatabahasa Indonesia diketahui bahwa sebagian pakar sudah mencantumkan kata “tanpa” sebagai konstituen negatif namun belum dibahas di bawah topik pengingkaran (negasi). Berdasarkan temuan penelitian ini diketahui bahwa kata “tanpa” termasuk konstituen negatif paduan yang mengimplikasikan makna negatif. Hal ini terlihat jelas ketika KNP TANPA bergabung dengan konstituen negatif lainnya, seperti bukan, misalnya bukan tanpa pemberitahuan, yang menghasilkan makna positif. Temuan penelitian ini adalah (1) kategori sintaktis KNP ‘tanpa’ adalah PREP and KONJSUBJ; (2) fungsi sintatisnya adalah sebagai (a) KET baik berbentuk frasa maupun klausa yang menunjukkan hubungan penyerta, cara dan alat dan (b) APOSISI sebagian (partly aposition)

POSITIVE POLITENESS STRATEGIESIN EFL CLASSROOM

Learning a foreign language involves not only knowing how to speak and write well, but also how to behave linguistically. Therefore, the teacher-student interaction in class is influenced by their pragmatic knowledge, how to behave and respond in different situations and contexts. This study approaches teacher-student interaction in EFL classroom from pragmatic perspective.It focuses on linguistic politeness; that is, the ways the teacher expresses politeness verbally through teachers’ use of language.This study explores positive politeness strategies used by teacher in three 90-minute English lessons in a senior high school. The data were videorecorded from three different classroom settings where English is the object and the medium of teaching learning process. The analysis is based on Brown and Levinson‘s politeness strategies. The result shows that there are six strategies that emerged in the teacher-student interaction namely, strategy 2, Exaggerate interest, approval, sympathy with hearer; strategy 4, use ingroup identity markers; strategy 5, seek agreement; strategy 10, offers, promise; strategy 12, including both speaker and hearer in activity and strategy 13, giving or asking a reason. The age difference, institutional setting, power, and the limitation of the linguistic ability of the students has contributed to the different choices of positive politeness strategies.

Manajemen Sekolah

Perancangan Sistem Informasi dan Aplikasinya (Edisi Revisi)

Report on round robin measurements of 6 digital magnetic tapes

Studies in Linguistic Analysis

Better Accounting for the Taxpayer's Money

White Paper

SPSS STATISTICS VERSION 22

SPSS is enormously powerful - and challenging to learn. This popular handbook lets students get hands on with the statistical procedures they need. Screen shots, step-by-step guidance and examples with annotated outputs help students learn. For students of psychology, marketing and research in any discipline. An essential practical guide to using SPSS.

Data Analysis Using SPSS

SPSS Manual for Business Statistics

The SPSS® Manual is organized to follow the sequence of topics in the text, and contains an easy-to-follow, step-by-step guide on how to use SPSS to perform statistical processes.

Balanced Scorecard

The Lebanese Public Administration was and still is paralyzed by the effect of the war. Despite many reform efforts, the Administrative Reform policy in Lebanon is still mostly unsuccessful and lacking at best. Tackling the strategic and structural problems of the Public Administration could have resulted in political and bureaucratic resistance. Thus, Lebanon decided to focus on human resources and on organizational development in order to build a network of agents for change that can act from within the Public Administration. However, this led to failure of actual reform, despite many efforts over the past decade. Measures of performance and accountability traditionally have been the primary concern and central focus of public managers and administrators. They focused on short-term financial management and control in which accountability was defined in terms of accountants, budget analysts, and financial directors. Recently however, governments have extended their accountability focus to include concern for long-term management issues and public sector. performance. This implementation of Balanced Scorecard is a successful and systemic approach to enrich the performance of an organization. It incorporates the strategy of gaining knowledge about the organization to enhance performance, and improve effectiveness and efficiency. It helps the organization manage its strategy over the long-term. It is an instrument of change. While focusing on the barriers obstructing successful strategy implementation, this study tries to identify whether there is a connection between the Balanced Scocard as a tool, and successful strategy implementation. Moreover, it proposes the application of this tool within the Lebanese Public Administration which may contribute to the administrative Reform Strategy. Specifically, this project addresses four main aspects: 1) Administrative Reform in Lebanon. 2) Examine and explain the Balanced Scorecard and how it can be used.

Total quality in the chemical industry

The quest for sanity

Katalog kesusastraan Indonesia

Active Learning and Active Citizenship

The Correlation Between Metacognitive Awareness of Reading Strategy and Reading Comprehension Performance

Chutnefying English

Contributed articles presented at a conference organized by BSR Government Arts College (Alwar, India).

Permukiman tradisional Flores

Traditional housing and settlement in Flores Island, Nusa Tenggara Timur Province, Indonesia.

Effectiveness of the Committee In 2010-12

This report discusses the impact of the Committee work in the 2010-12 Session of Parliament. Prepared as a Traffic Light Report, the first of its kind, it scores Government responses to each of the Committee's recommendations as green, red or yellow, to indicate whether, in the Committee's view, they have been accepted by the Government, rejected, or are still under consideration or development. It is intended as a benchmark and tool for developing a more strategic approach to scrutiny, which will improve the Committee's ability to hold the Home Office to account. Going forward, it will be used as the basis for the systematic follow-up of recommendations over the rest of the Parliament.

The economic impact and effectiveness of development aid

This report examines the Government's plans for a real terms increase of 37% in official aid spending in the four years to 2015. The report does not address humanitarian aid for relief of acute distress following conflict, famine, natural disasters or other emergencies, which is less than 10% of official aid spending. This inquiry has shown that finding ways to realise the simple ambition of reducing poverty by means of development aid is hugely challenging. Economic growth is essential if poverty is to be reduced. There is however no agreement amongst experts as to the effectiveness of development aid in promoting growth. There is far from universal agreement amongst experts as to what the aim of aid should be or forms of aid are the most effective. There is also disagreement as to what is the best way to channel aid and whether aid should focus on those countries where poverty is most acute - often where without better governance, aid will prove a waste of time or worse. Yet further, there is disagreement as to whether aid is a tool enabling donor countries to combat corruption and bring about internal peace, or whether it tends to feed corruption and sustain damaging internal conflicts. Expert opinion is however virtually united in agreement that DFID enjoys an outstanding reputation internationally as an effective aid agent. The Committee makes recommendations designed to improve DFID's performance further. In particular it is feared that, sometimes, it is pursuing various good objectives that are likely to prove mutually incompatible